TYPOLOGY OF CREATION THE NAMES OF THE RESIDENTS OF THE STATES OF THE UN FROM THEIR NAMES

Abstract

The proposed article is devoted to the typology of creating names of residents of UN member states from their names. It is noted that such a comprehensive study in Ukrainian linguistics is carried out for the first time. The suffix method is most often used to create the names of residents of the countries of the world. Attention is drawn to the fact that morphemic and word-forming suffixes should be distinguished. A morpheme suffix is the minimal significant part of a word, a word-forming suffix is a significant part of a word that serves to create new words. A word-forming suffix can be represented by one or two morpheme suffixes: Nepal – nepal-ets, Kub-a – kub-ynets (kub-yn-ets), Izrail – izrail-tianyn (izrail-t-yan-yn) etc. It is proved that the most common derivational suffix for creating names of males is the suffix -ets(-yets), which is added to the base of the name of the state: Arhentyn-a – arhentyn-ets, Brunei – brune(i+e=ie)-yets, Yemen – yemen-ets etc., names of persons of the female gender and persons in the plural – respectively, the word-forming suffix -k- and the ending -a and the word-forming suffix -ts- and the ending -i, which are added to the truncated stem of the names of the male gender: haian(ets) – haian-k-a, haian-ts-i, kamerun(ets) – kamerun-k-a, kameren-ts-i, parahvai(i+e=ie)- yets – parahvai-k-a, parahvai-ts-i, etc. Sometimes, to create the names of males, other word-building suffixes are added to the basis of the name of the state: Nkarahu-a – nikarahu-anets, Marokk-o – marokk-anets, or to the abbreviated name of the state - a word-forming suffix -yn: Bolhar(iia) – bolhar-yn, Hruz(iia) – hruz-yn, etc. When creating the names of female persons, other word-building suffixes are also added to the male stem: -ank-: hrek – hre(ts/ch)-ank-a; -ken-: nim-ets – nim-ken-ya, -enk-: frantsuz – frantsu(z/ zh)-enk-a, etc. A small part of names of persons of the male genduer and persons in the plural form is formed without a suffix: Hrets(iia) – hre(ts/k), Monhol(iia) – monhol, Efiop(iia) – efiop, etc. , etc. To form the names of persons in the plural, the base of the names of persons of the male gender and the ending are used -y: monhol – monhol-y, rumun – rumun-y, serb – serb-y, etc. Special attention is paid to the complex and debatable problems of creating the names of the inhabitants of states from their names, the spelling of some complex and compound names.