ACTION MODUS OF THE ETHICAL CATEGORY JUSTICE IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24919/2522-4565.2022.50.5Keywords:
agent, conceptual mode, image schema, patient, proposition.Abstract
The article analyzes the peculiarities of the action mode of the ethical category JUSTICE in the English language. The purpose of the study is to establish the basic mental schemas of the action mode of the JUSTICE category in the context of the theory of image schemas. The study highlights two types of such schemas. Basic image-schemas take a direct part in the conceptualization of objects and phenomena of the surrounding reality, which include “being” schema, “happening” schema, “doing” schema, “experiencing schema”, “having schema”, “moving” schema, “transferring” schema. Another type is syntactic propositional schemas, which are classified according to five basic frames: subject, action, possessive, comparative and identification ones and participate in onomasiological models of sentence construction. A method of correlating these two types of schemas is proposed using contextual and cognitive analysis. The material of the study was a selection of text fragments from the corpus of the English language iWeb, which totals 200 units. The selection of material was based on a qualitative parameter based on the MI (mutual information score) indicator, which represents the actual closeness of the concepts verbalized by the corresponding language units. This parameter makes it possible to identify concepts that are the closest domains of the analyzed category at the associative level of linguistic consciousness. It was established that the action mode is represented by the syntactic propositional sub-scheme “Agent acts on the patient”, which belongs to the basic action frame. Action mode differentiates between two aspects: the active and the passive. The active aspect is actualized within the framework of the proposition schema “Agent acts”, which includes two models “JUSTICE is an agent’ and “JUSTICE is a circumstance”. The passive aspect is actualized within the propositional schema “The agent acts on the patient” with the model “JUSTICE is a patient”.
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