SEMANTIC AND SYNTACTIC FEATURES PHRASELOGICAL UNITS OF THE "KIN, KOBYLA" MICROSYSTEM

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the features of semantics and syntactic organization of phraseological units of the "Kin, kobyla" microsystem. It is noted that phraseological macro- and microsystems in Ukrainian linguistics began to be intensively studied only at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. (see, for example, works by N. F. Grozyan, O. O. Kartamyshev, O. A. Moroz, M. I. Pelypasya, Y. F. Pradid, P. O. Redin, etc.). The source base of factual material for the analysis was the interpretive and phraseological dictionaries of the Ukrainian language, websites, as well as the author's own phraseological card file (47 FDs are subject to analysis), the theoretical and methodological basis of the investigation – the work of Ukrainian linguists, in which individual phraseological micro- and macro-systems were studied. The purpose of the proposed exploration is to investigate the place of the microsystem of the FO "Kin, kobyla", which, in addition to the FO with the components kin, kobyla, also includes the FO with the components-names of parts of the body of a horse, horse harness, in the phraseological structure of the Ukrainian language, to describe the semantic and syntactic features of the FO, representing this microsystem. The conducted analysis of this FO microsystem gave reasons to summarize: 1) the microsystem of FOs subject to analysis is relatively small in number, but rather diverse in terms of its semantic features and syntactic organization; 2) such FDs, as well as the phraseological system of the Ukrainian language in general, are characterized by the phenomena of polysemy, variation, synonymy, parallelism, and antonymy; 3) the largest FD of this microsystem is formed with the components of konia (7 FO), konem (6 FO), vizhky (5 FD), the smallest – with the components vozom, hryvu, kinska, koniacha, konka, meryn, povody, uzdu, khvist (by 1 FO); 4) almost all syntactic structures characteristic of the phraseological structure of the Ukrainian language in general are represented in the microsystem of the FD with the components kin, kobyla: a) FD, correlative with a subordinating phrase: blidyi kin, son riaboi kobyly, etc.; b) FO related to the combination of words: na konia, na koni, etc.; c) FO, relative to the comparative inversion: yak lomovyi kin, yak svynia na konia, etc.; d) FOs, correlative with a simple sentence, both monosyllabic: khoch konem hrai, na koni ne pididesh, and bisyllabic: koni ne vynni, mov khto na sto konei vysadyv; 5) FO with the components kin, kobyla can appear in a sentence as a predicate (simple, compound noun, compound verb), adjunct, definition, circumstance; 6) semantic and syntactic features of other phraseological microsystems require a separate study, including in comparative and comparative aspects.